Tom Reynolds loves scuba diving Bonaire’s beautiful reefs, and he wants to keep doing it. But he couldn’t help but notice that in recent years they didn’t seem as healthy as they once were. The retired Pasadena California resident wondered what he could do to reverse the trend. The answer became clear after he invited his best friend, Dr. Burt Jones and his family to join him, diving in Bonaire.
Burt Jones is a towering figure in oceanographic research, specializing in near coastal conditions. A Research Associate Professor in the Marine Environmental Biology section of the Biology Department at the University of Southern California, his research interests include bio-optical oceanography, physical-biological interactions, coastal processes, and coastal ocean observing systems. He has been involved in studying the dynamics of physical/bio-optical interactions in a variety of environments that include coastal California, the Arabian Sea, Japan/East Sea, and the Adriatic Sea. Recently, he’s done research in harmful algal bloom monitoring. Dr. Jones has been involved in implementing a coastal observing system that includes both fixed sites and autonomous vehicles.
These projects usually have million dollar budgets. The money is well spent because it provides the scientific evidence in deciding how to correct problems affecting ocean water quality.
Tom Reynolds and Dr. Jones reasoned that if they could supply Bonaire with similar scientific data addressing the potential decline of Bonaire reefs it would influence the Bonairean government to take appropriate action.
One thing stood in their way. Lack of money. The big money that paid for the expensive monitoring equipment and staff just wasn’t available on our island. However, together with their local diving buddy, Albert Bianculli an idea took shape. If they could find a substitute for the expensive monitors and enough staff to run the project on Bonaire and some money, then the science measurements could be done.
The Bonaire National Marine Park was enthusiastic about the plan and agreed to not only cooperate, but to post the results on the STINAPA website.
The secret to cutting the cost of the project is a microchip sensor originally developed to track fish. With the addition of color filters it could be adapted to monitor light and temperature. The light data the sensor records, following extensive data reduction and analysis, could be used to measure the clarity and the amount of organic material in the water.
Following a successful pilot test of a sensor array at jerry’s Reef at Klein Bonaire in August 2007 the Light and Motion Sensor (LMSP) program was launched.
The sensors, in sets of three, set at three different depth cost about $55 each. Commercial units performing the same function cost as much as 300 times more. Bonaire’s LMSP sensors lack the automated cleaning and remote data readout of the expensive units. As a result the LMSP sensors get visited at least once a week by volunteer divers who do those tasks. These so called “Rainbow Arrays” were deployed in 13 locations from WEB to the White Slave huts and through this February recorded water conditions every eight minutes. Millions of bits of data were recorded.
Ito ensure that the LMSP sensors were accurately calibrated in February Tom Reynolds traveled to Bonaire with the “expensive gear” on loan from USC. We can report they passed the test and the first results were published in the last issue of The Reporter.
Currently, LMSP sensors are being reprogrammed to record data at one minute intervals, multiplying the data and the task of analyzing it, but making it easier to calibrate LMSP sensors with the “expensive gear.”
Tom says, “Global conditions notwithstanding, the land is a significant source of the reef’s problems. When we report the results of our work we give the population and government the ability to determine the quality of their water. The LMSP will localize where the situations (affecting the water quality) may exist. Once located, other instruments will be able to pinpoint the source of the problem. Even now we can compare the clarity of the water between the Andreas and White Slave. As we process the data, we will know which locations have the clearest water.”
It is up to STINAPA to publish results on their website and to take remedial action if necessary.
Up until now everyone working on the project have been volunteers. However, with the plans to increase the number of sensors, set more around Klein Bonaire, add fluorometer instruments and increase the sampling interval by eight times, the flow of data will become a torrent.
This is very ambitious project without a doubt, unique on the planet. More data will be gathered in a single day by Bonaire’s LMSP sensors than for NASA’s entire moon mission. Further, there is global interest in this project. Dr. Jones and Mr. Reynolds have received inquires from all around the world and will present the program at the Coral Reef Symposium in July.
Additional funds from private, corporate and government donors will be need to run the project for its 10-year life through the installation of the waterfront wastewater system.
The data analysis was being done by Dr Jones and it was hoped that USC graduate students could take it over. However, it is turning out to be so formidable a task that specialists may have to be employed.
Published LMSP information can even help divers contemplating a trip to Bonaire. They will be able to see for themselves which resorts have the clearest water which implies the best reefs.
Tom Reynolds concludes, “Hard science must precede informed political action. Having the data protects us from doing the wrong thing. Critically, we must do the right thing. What the ocean could tolerate in the past is not true today. After all it’s not our father’s ocean anymore. “ G.D.